Radio Navigation | PPL(A) Navigation - EASA & UK CAA
Antennas
Section titled "Antennas"The 2 types of aerials used in aviation are:
What does a DME utilise?
What may be displayed by DME airborne equipment? 1. Pressure altitude 2. Ground speed 3. True airspeed 4. Density altitude 5. Slant range 6. Time to/from a station
Evaluate the following statements: 1. If the aircraft is higher and closer to a DME station, the ground speed will be under-read. 2. The ground speed indication of a DME instrument is only correct if the aircraft flies perpendicular to it.
How is slant range measured by a DME?
What can affect the coverage of a DME?
Evaluate the following statements: 1. The ground speed indication of a DME instrument is more accurate, if flying directly to/from the station, compared to a flight perpendicular to it. 2. The ground speed indication of a DME instrument is only correct if the aircraft flies perpendicular to it.
What does DME mean?
Which propagation path does a DME signal take?
The level of accuracy in a DME used for navigation is: +/- __(1)__ and +/- __(2)__ of range.
GNSS - GPS, GLONASS or Galileo
Section titled "GNSS - GPS, GLONASS or Galileo"What is the initial distance measurement called in a GNSS system?
Evaluate the following statements: 1. The speed of propagation will slow down if the humidity and temperature of the air increase. 2. The higher the amplitude, the smaller the ionospheric delay.
What is the vertical system accuracy (+/-) of a GNSS in civil aviation?
Which of the following will not affect the GPS accuracy? 1. Ephemeris error 2. High humidity 3. The density altitude 4. High density 5. Multipath reception 6. Transmitter noise error
Which of the following(s) will affect the GPS accuracy? 1. Ephemeris error 2. High humidity 3. The density altitude 4. High density 5. Multipath reception 6. Transmitter noise error
How long does it take to download the almanac data?
How many satellites are needed for an accurate position calculation during a flight at 7500 ft?
Evaluate the following statements: 1. The GPS system uses the WGS84 model. 2. The GLONASS system uses the PZ90 model.
What is an approximate value for the horizontal system accuracy of GPS for civilian use? (Disregard DGPS)
Evaluate the following statements: 1. The speed of propagation will slow down if the humidity and temperature of the air decrease. 2. The lower the frequency, the smaller the ionospheric delay.
Ground DF
Section titled "Ground DF"What does QDR mean?
Which is the class of a VHF direction finder (VDF) station that has an accuracy of 5°?
Which class of VHF direction finder station has an accuracy of 10°?
What is required onboard of an aircraft, if it needs to obtain a VDF bearing?
What is the accuracy of a Class D VHF direction finder (VDF) station?
What does VDF mean?
What does QUJ mean?
What is the accuracy of a Class A VHF direction finder (VDF) station ?
Evaluate the following statements: 1. Propagation error is caused by the airframe of the aircraft, bending the signals. 2. If synchronous transmissions are occurring, bearings may be incorrect.
What does QTE mean?
What is the accuracy of a Class B VHF direction finder station?
Which is the class of a VHF direction finder station that has an accuracy of 2°?
What is the accuracy of a Class C direction finder station?
Which of the following affect the VDF operational range? 1. The power of the transmitters 2. Station Frequency 3. Flying low in a mountainous area 4. Aircraft attitude 5. Station elevation 6. Electrical storms
Regarding the VDF accuracy, which of the following statements are correct or incorrect? 1. Propagation error is caused by buildings reflecting transmissions. 2. Flying overhead a ground station, the bearing shown is accurate.
Which class of direction-finding (VDF) station has an accuracy less than that of Class C?
Which of the following affects the VDF operational range? 1. Flying low in a mountainous area 2. The power of the transmitters 3. Station Frequency 4. Electrical storms 5. Station elevation 6. Aircraft attitude
What does QDM mean?
Ground radar
Section titled "Ground radar"Which of the following(s) will not affect ground radar signals? 1. High flying 2. High terrain 3. Low flying 4. High seas 5. Precipitation
What does ASMR mean?
Which of the following factors can cause errors in Surface Movement Radar (SMR) detection?
What is an ASMI?
What does ASR mean?
Where is a Terminal Area Surveillance Radar is used?
What is the range of a Terminal Area Surveillance Radar (TAR)?
What is the primary reason that Surface Movement Radar (SMR) has a shorter range than the other radar types?
What can an Airport Surveillance Radar provide?
Which of the following(s) will affect the ground radar signals? 1. Precipitation 2. High terrain 3. High seas 4. Low flyin 5. High flying
What does the term 'PAR' mean?
What does the term 'TAR' mean?
NDB/ADF
Section titled "NDB/ADF"What does an RBI mean?
How does coastal refraction affect the accuracy of an ADF?
When is the coastal refraction at its lowest?
Which information can be derived from the head of the needle of the RBI by: Adding the actual aircraft Magnetic Heading (MH)?
Evaluate the following statements: 1. The range of an NDB is affected by all types of precipitation. 2. The range of an NDB station is greater over land, than over water.
What is the "night effect" in ADF navigation?
Which information can be derived from the tail of the needle of an RBI, by adding the actual aircraft Magnetic Heading (MH) to it?
What does ADF mean?
What does an RMI show?
In which frequency band does ADF work? 1. LF 2. VHF 3. EHF 4. MF 5. SHF 6. UHF
What does the ADF measure?
Which of the following factors affects the coverage of an NDB signal?
Evaluate the following statements: 1. The range of an NDB is greater over water, than over land. 2. The range of an NDB is affected by any type of precipitation.
Which of the following best describes the effect of thunderstorms on ADF accuracy?
What is the accuracy of an ADF within the operational coverage?
Which of the following affects the accuracy of an ADF? 1. Static interference 2. Night effect 3. Quadrantal error 4. Compass error 5. Angle of pitch 6. Coastal refraction
What does NDB mean?
Regarding the accuracy of an ADF, what is quadrantal error due to?
What is an RMI fed with?
Which of the following will not affect the accuracy of an ADF? 1. Night effect 2. Mountain waves 3. Static interference 4. Compass error 5. Angle of pitch 6. Coastal refraction
What is an RMI?
Which of the following aerial(s) is/are utilised in an ADF? 1. Loop 2. Simple 3. Sense 4. Grided
SSR and the Transponder
Section titled "SSR and the Transponder"What does setting 7500 on a transponder set mean?
What does a Secondary Surveillance Radar display not show? 1. Call sign 2. TAS 3. Ground speed 4. Density altitude 5. Pressure altitude 6. Outside Air Temperature
What does setting 7600 on a transponder mean?
What does a Mode A transponder provide?
What does a Mode S transponder provide?
What does SSR mean?
What does a Secondary Surveillance Radar display show? 1. Call sign 2. TAS 3. Ground speed 4. Density altitude 5. Pressure altitude 6. Outside Air Temperature
The ground station transmits __(1)__, and receives __(2)__, but the aircraft transmits __(3)__, and receives (4) ___.
What does setting 7700 on a transponder mean?
What does a Mode C transponder provide?
What function could help the controller to identify the position of an aircraft more easily?
What is the HSI referenced to?
How many degrees is 1 dot on a 5-dot CDI?
Which propagation path does a VOR signal take?
How many degrees is a full-scale deflection on a 5 dot HSI?
What is the accuracy of a VOR?
What does VOR mean?
Which of the following will affect the accuracy of a VOR signal? 1. VOR antenna poorly mounted on aircraft structure 2. Reflection of VOR signal from terrain 3. Night effect 4. Coastal refraction
Evaluate the following statements: 1. Over the VOR station the needle of a CDI may oscillate. 2. Site errors do not affectthe accuracy of a VOR signal.
How does increasing the aircraft's altitude affect the VOR reception?
Which principle is used in a VOR?
The needle on an RMI shows the __(1)__, the tail of the needle shows the __(2)__.
What does the term 'CDI' mean?
What does a HSI mean?
How many degrees is 1 dot on a 2-dot HSI?
How many degrees is a full-scale deflection on a 5-dot CDI?
Wave propagation
Section titled "Wave propagation"What propagation path does a Super High Frequency (SHF) wave take?
What propagation path does a Middle Frequency (MF) wave take?
What propagation path does a High Frequency (HF) wave take?
What propagation path does a Very High Frequency (VHF) wave take?
What propagation path does a Low Frequency (LF) wave take?
What propagation path does a Ultra High Frequency (UHF) wave take?
How does a radio wave during a VDF procedure propagate?
What propagation path does an Extremely High Frequency (EHF) wave take?