PPL Navigation 03

General properties of miscellaneous types of projections

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What type/kind of projection is a Lambert chart?

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What kind of projection is a Mercator chart?

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What does it mean if a chart is orthomorphic?

The representation of meridians, parallels, great circles and rhumb lines

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Evaluate the following statements: 1. The Mercator chart has 2 standards of parallels. 2. On a Lambert chart the meridians are straight lines converging with increasing latitude.

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Evaluate the following statementst concerning a Lambert chart: 1. Great circles are curves, concave to the pole of projection. 2. The parallels of latitude are straight lines.

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Evaluate the statements concerning a Mercator chart: 1. Rhumb lines are curved lines, lying closer to the Equator. 2. Great circles are straight lines, lying closer to the poles.

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Evaluate the following statements concerning a Lambert chart: 1. The rhumb lines are curves, concave to the pole of projection. 2. Great circles are curves concave to the parallel of origin.

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Evaluate the following statements: 1. In a Mercator chart, rhumb lines are straight lines. 2. Mercator charts are not orthomorphic charts.

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Evaluate the following statementst concerning a Mercator chart: 1. Rhumb lines are straight lines and they are lying closer to the poles. 2. Great circles are curved lines, lying closer to the Equator.

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Evaluate the following statementst concerning a Mercator chart: 1. The space between the parallels of latitude are increasing with latitude. 2. The Equator and meridians are both rhumb lines and great circles.

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Evaluate the following statements: 1. Lambert charts have 2 parallels of origin. 2. On a Mercator chart the rhumb lines are curves, converging with increasing latitude.

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Evaluate the following statementst concerning a Lambert chart: 1. Great circles are always curved towards the Equator. 2. Parallels of latitude are arcs of circles.

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Evaluate the following statementst concerning a Mercator chart: 1. The space between the parallels of latitude are increasing with meridians of longitude. 2. The Great Circles are concave to the Equator.

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Evaluate the following options concerning a Lambert chart? 1. The chart has 2 standards of parallels and the meridians are represented as straight lines converging with increasing latitude. 2. Rhumb lines are curves concave to the parallel of origin.

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Evaluate the following statementst considering a Mercator chart? 1. Mercator charts are orthomorphic charts. 2. Rhumb lines are curved lines and they are lying closer to the Equator.

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How are meridians on a Mercator chart represented?

The use of current aeronautical charts

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Refer to figure ppl-060-001. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-002. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 10?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 8?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. Why do you have to be careful when approaching the aerodrome marked at number 6?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-004. What is indicated by the figure?

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What does a DME measure?

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The tracks and bearings used in plotting are:

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 2?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-005. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 3?

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What should be applied during plotting from the aircraft?

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To calculate scale, what should be divided by the Earth's distance?

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What is defined as a contour line?

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Evaluate the following statements: 1. The different tinting of the reliefs on a map, should help the pilots to differentiate between different terrains. 2. Spot elevations on charts are used at multiple places.

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Refer to figure ppl-060-006. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 7?

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What does MSA mean?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-008. What is indicated by the figure?

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What is the most usual ICAO chart scale type?

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What does QTE mean?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-009. What is indicated by the figure?

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What does QDM mean?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-010 What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-011. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 6?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-012. What is the magnetic track and distance for a flight from VOR/DME A (N48°13.78', E014°06.19') to point B (N48°30.88', E014°24.53')?

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What should be applied after plotting, if the station does not have a magnetic arrow on it?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-013. Determine the true track and distance from: A (N48°03.6', E013°21.4'), to B (N47°28.7', E014°54.3').

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How do radio waves travel?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-014. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 5?

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Which colour is used to depict railways on a chart?

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To calculate scale, what must be divided with the chart length?

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What are magnetic bearings referenced to?

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From what is a relative bearing measured?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-015. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-016. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 1?

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What colour is used to depict water on a chart?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 9?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-003. What is indicated at number 4?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-017. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-018. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-019. What is indicated by the figure?

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Which colour is used to depict woods/woodlands on a chart?

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Where is the graduated scale line usually found on an ICAO chart?

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Which of the following can be a position line? 1. Road 2. River 3. Town 4. Railway 5. Summit (mountain)

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Refer to figure ppl-060-020. What is indicated by the figure?

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What does the term 'DME' mean?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-021. What is indicated by the figure?

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What does QDR mean?

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To what are QDMs and QDRs referenced to?

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Refer to figure ppl-030-007. What is indicated by the large and small number print in the middle of the grid blocks?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-023. What is indicated by the figure?

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Refer to figure ppl-060-024. What is indicated by the figure?